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RINRO | (rinro) UHPC Technical Exchange Training Activities
 

      RINRO | （凝龙）UHPC技术交流培训活动


 为了进一步提高设计人员的综合知识储备以及拓宽员工的设计思维，5月14号凝龙邀请了江苏澄筑建筑科技公司李文瑶经理为同事们开展了UHPC材料的应用知识普及。此次技术交流活动通过视频会议系统对所有分公司同事进行展播。

In order to further improve the designer's comprehensive knowledge reserve and broaden the staff's design thinking, on May 14th, Ninglong invited Li Wenyao, manager of Jiangsu Chengzhu Construction Technology Company, to carry out the application knowledge popularization of UHPC materials for colleagues. This technical exchange activity was broadcast to all branch colleagues through the video conference system.



       李经理首先介绍了UHPC的基本知识：UHPC是具有超高强度，超低吸水率，超强耐久性和耐侵蚀性能的特殊混凝土，融结构与功能于一体，集科技、绿色和艺术于一身，具有丰富的美学表现力，能够展示出丰富的表面肌理和独具创意的外型特征。
Manager Li first introduced the basic knowledge of UHPC: UHPC is a special concrete with ultra-high strength, ultra-low water absorption, ultra-strong durability and corrosion resistance. It integrates structure and function, and integrates technology, green and art. It has rich aesthetic expression, can show rich surface texture and unique creative appearance characteristics.
       基于这些性能，UHPC能够实现平面板、曲面板、异形板，镂空板等艺术板材的制作，为高规格的建筑构件、创意建筑设计灵感、建筑的经济性提供满足其需求的解决方案。 
Based on these properties, UHPC can realize the production of art boards such as flat panels, curved panels, special-shaped panels, and hollow panels, and provide solutions that meet their needs for high-specification building components, creative building design inspiration, and building economy.


       交流会上，大家讨论了GRC、GRG、GRP及UHPC这几种材料的区别。
       GRC的全称是“Glass fiber Reinforced Concrete”，中文名称是玻璃纤维增强混凝土，划重点：水泥。基本材料是耐碱纤维、水泥砂浆，通过模具塑形。主要运用在建筑的外部上，生活中几乎随处可见：住宅类的线条、罗马柱、门窗套；景观类的栏杆、长椅、雕塑等。GRC的发展已有近百年的历史，已有国际性的技术标准，所以准入门槛较高。GRC产品多用于室外，做建筑的表皮使用，也可以使用在室内天花、墙面、隔断等各个部位，由于其本身重量大，安装工艺均采用干挂的形式。
At the exchange meeting, everyone discussed the differences between GRC, GRG, GRP and UHPC.
The full name of GRC is "Glass fiber Reinforced Concrete", the Chinese name is glass fiber reinforced concrete, and the focus is on cement. The basic materials are alkali-resistant fibers and cement mortar, which are shaped by molds. It is mainly used on the exterior of buildings and can be seen almost everywhere in life: residential lines, Roman columns, door and window covers; landscape railings, benches, sculptures, etc. The development of GRC has a history of nearly a hundred years, and there are already international technical standards, so the barriers to entry are relatively high. GRC products are mostly used outdoors, as the skin of buildings, and can also be used in various parts such as indoor ceilings, walls, partitions, etc. Because of their heavy weight, the installation process adopts the form of dry hanging.




       GRG来自因为“GLASS FIBER REINFORCE GYPSUM”，中文意思是预铸式玻璃纤维加强石膏板，划重点：石膏。它是一种特殊改良纤维石膏装饰材料，因为造型随意可变所以很受建筑师的欢迎，并且它独特的材料构成方式可对室内环境的湿度进行调节，而且可以抵御外部环境造成的破损、变形和开裂。GRG产品一般使用在室内天花、墙面、隔断等各个部位，安装工艺均采用干挂的形式，主要用于室内装修。
GRG comes from "GLASS FIBER REINFORCE GYPSUM", which means pre-cast glass fiber reinforced gypsum board in Chinese, and focuses on gypsum. It is a special modified fiber gypsum decoration material. It is very popular with architects because of its free and variable shape. Its unique material composition can adjust the humidity of the indoor environment and can resist damage and deformation caused by the external environment. And cracking. GRG products are generally used in various parts such as indoor ceilings, walls, partitions, etc. The installation process is in the form of dry hanging, which is mainly used for indoor decoration.

 
      GRP,另一个名字叫FRP（Fiber Reinforced Plastics ），俗称玻璃钢。P是指塑料的意思。GRP产品可用于室外，适用于自重轻，造型复杂的，众多小而美的临时性建筑。在紫外线、风沙雨雪、化学介质、机械应力等作用下容易导致性能下降，出现老化。所以在GRP产品使用中，应尽量避开此类环境。也因此，GRP材料更广泛的应用于室内异形家具，室内艺术品领域。
GRP, another name is FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), commonly known as FRP. P means plastic. GRP products can be used outdoors, suitable for many small and beautiful temporary buildings with light weight, complex shapes. Under the action of ultraviolet rays, wind, sand, rain and snow, chemical media, mechanical stress, etc., it is easy to cause performance degradation and aging. Therefore, in the use of GRP products, such environments should be avoided as much as possible. Therefore, GRP materials are more widely used in the field of indoor special-shaped furniture and indoor art.




      而UHPC最早是运用于桥梁专业，于20世纪90年代初由法国Bouygues承包商的员工首次采用活性粉末混凝土（RPC）。而在美国，几个州交通部门表示有兴趣在其桥梁项目中引入超高性能混凝土，并得到联邦公路管理局（FHWA）研究以及大学研究的支持。最值得注意的是，弗吉尼亚州已经用超高性能混凝土制作了工字钢，而爱荷华州则建造了两座使用超高性能混凝土梁的桥梁和一座使用超高性能混凝土桥面的桥梁。

      在我们建筑外墙行业，制约材料的运用除了材料本身需要优良的力学性能及适应建筑优美外观运用外，更多是成本；UHPC的成本主要是和模具有很大关系，据李经理总结：普通模具（主要是水泥模具，木模，硅胶模）一般可生产四十块板块，钢膜则可生产更多批次的板块，但模具的成本也相应更高。因此，在设计前期通过揣摩研究建筑几何关系，最大可能减少板块的种类是降低建造成本的主要途径。

UHPC was first used in the bridge profession. Reactive powder concrete (RPC) was first used by the employees of the French Bouygues contractor in the early 1990s. In the United States, several state transportation agencies have expressed interest in introducing ultra-high performance concrete in their bridge projects, and are supported by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) research and university research. Most notably, Virginia has made I-beams with ultra-high performance concrete, while Iowa has built two bridges with ultra-high-performance concrete beams and one bridge with ultra-high-performance concrete decks.

In our building exterior wall industry, in addition to the material's need for excellent mechanical properties and adapt to the beautiful appearance of the building, the cost of restricting the use of materials is more; the cost of UHPC is mainly related to the mold. According to Manager Li's summary: ordinary Molds (mainly cement molds, wood molds, and silicone molds) can generally produce forty plates, while steel film can produce more batches of plates, but the cost of the mold is correspondingly higher. Therefore, the main way to reduce the construction cost by trying to study the geometric relationship of the building in the early stage of the design is to reduce the types of plates as much as possible.



水泥模具或木模生产流程
（Cement mold or wood mold production process）



钢模具或木模生产流程
（Steel mold or wooden mold production process）



硅胶模具或木模生产流程
（Silicone mold or wooden mold production process）

      同时，建筑外墙对安全的要求是第一位；因此所有外墙材料均需要具有破坏后不能导致人身安全事故的发生的能力。UHPC因为增加了纤维材料，即使开裂也不会脱落，所以是安全可靠的外墙材料。

At the same time, the safety requirements of the exterior wall of the building are the first; therefore, all exterior wall materials need to have the ability to not cause personal safety accidents after being damaged. UHPC is a safe and reliable exterior wall material because it adds fiber material and will not fall off even if it cracks.




      随着经济的发展，建筑逐渐大胆地使用曲面或者双曲立面，常规的直板材料已经不能够满足建筑师的要求，造型丰富，立体效果强烈的UHPC项目也逐步应用起来。李经理还介绍了UHPC已投入使用的各种案例:
With the development of economy, buildings gradually boldly use curved or hyperbolic facades. Conventional straight board materials can no longer meet the requirements of architects. UHPC projects with rich shapes and strong three-dimensional effects are gradually being applied. Manager Li also introduced various cases where UHPC has been put into use:

交流会上，大家对相关尺寸，材料性能，成本等问题进行热烈及深入的交流，这些都极大地提升了同事们对新材料的知识储备。
At the exchange meeting, everyone had a warm and in-depth exchange on related dimensions, material performance, cost and other issues, which greatly improved the knowledge reserve of colleagues on new materials.